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Comment and Response to Texting and Writing by Michaela...

Comment and Response to Texting and Writing by Michaela Cullington After reading Texting and Writing, by Michaela Cullington, I do not agree with many of her viewpoints. Cullington argues that texting does not affect a students writing. Textspeak, the abbreviation and shortening of words like used when writing a text message, does affect the way a student writes because they use the abbreviations, and their writings tend to lack punctuation. When a writer uses excessive abbreviations on a regular basis they can get stuck in the writer’s head causing them to use them in all of their writings. Cullington did make good points of her own opinion on texting and writing in her piece, but I disagree with her and believe that texting and†¦show more content†¦Cullington recalled a few examples that teachers found while reading papers, â€Å"2† instead of â€Å"to,†; â€Å"gr8,† instead of â€Å"great,†; â€Å"dat,† in place of â€Å"that,â⠂¬ ; â€Å"g2g,† for â€Å"got to go,†; â€Å"hbu,† instead of â€Å"how about you,†; â€Å"cuz,† to replace â€Å"because,†; and â€Å"wut,† for â€Å"what,†. Textspeak is a dangerous way to write, and once a writer learns and gets used to writing that way, writing papers for school becomes more and more difficult. A common acronym is ‘LOL’ which is an abbreviation for laugh out loud. The abbreviated for LOL would not be acceptable for an academic paper. Our current generation needs to pay more attention when writing, and to use correct spelling and not use acronyms to shorten their written ideas. Writing College, Writing Life’s article Learning the Language by Perri Klass talks about how some professions require abbreviations, which is one of the few times it is accecptable. Abbrevaitons can be helpful and an easy way to write a few words in just a few letters. Teachers do not like abbreviations because t he writer tends to assume the reader knows what each acronym means, the paper should be and enjoyable read, not a confusing puzzle. While writing a paper for school teachers do not approve of abbreviation and acronyms, the writer should just take his or her time to write our each word correctly. Michaela Cullington believes that texting

Engineering HSC Civil Structures Free Essays

1. What development in motor cars led to the need to replace the block brake? What was the replacement? With the adoption of pneumatic rubber tyres for cars in 1895, the block brake became impractical and was replaced as an automobile brake, and was replaced by the contracting band brake. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Engineering HSC Civil Structures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Who invented the drum brake? In what year did this occur? In 1902 Louis Renault invented the internal expanding drum brake. 3. Why was the drum brake superior to its predecessors? First, the shoes are enclosed on the drum so the friction lining is away from water or dirt, so they last longer. The drum brake also exhibits servo-assistance, in both forward and reverse; the leading shoe exhibits servo assistance in forward travel, the trailing shoe in reverse travel. 4. Why are the disc brakes used extensively now? The disc brake offers better heat dissipation than the drum brake and also offers better weather performance as water is thrown off the disc by centrifugal force. 5. Why is asbestos still allowed in brake linings in Australia? Asbestos gave the break lining greater stability at higher temperatures, thus the linings are more resistant to break failure form the heat. 6. The coefficient of friction (Â µ) is ratio between what two values? The coefficient of friction is the ratio of the frictional force present and the normal reaction to the matting surfaces. Â µ=FFRN 7. What is the tensile stress in a brake cable of diameter 2 mm if the tensile force in the cable is 200N? 8. Draw a stress strain curve for mild steel; label the proportional limit, the upper and lower yield points and the UTS. . What is the difference between elastic and plastic deformation? 10. State Pascals principle. Why is it important to hydraulics? 11. What is steel? 12. What is the difference between austenite and ferrite? 13. What is pearlite? 14. What happens to the hardness of steel as the amount of cementite increases? 15. Describe what martensite is. 16. Why is manganese added to steels? 17. What effect will nickel have if added to a low alloy steel? 18. Why is molybdenum added to the nickel-chromium steels? 19. Why is Hadfield steel used for? What is different about its structure at room temperature as opposed to plain carbon steels? 20. There are three types of stainless steels available. List three and describe the uses of each? 21. Which stainless steel is non-magnetic? 22. What is the difference cast iron and steel? 23. Carbon appears in different forms in cast irons, how does it appear in white cast iron and grey cast iron? 24. Which type of grey cast iron is stronger, fine or course? 25. How do SG cast iron and CG cast iron differ? 26. Blackheart malleable cast iron has free carbon present in Whiteheart malleable cast iron? 27. Is free carbon present in Whiteheart malleable cast iron? 28. Why is copper added to break pads? 29. What type of resin is used to bind the break pad together? 30. Draw two stress strain diagrams, one showing high toughness, and one displaying high strength but a brittle failure. 31. What are the four hardness tests available? 32. Find the tension in the vertical and horizontal cables for the brake system shown. Slove this problem graphically then analytically. How to cite Engineering HSC Civil Structures, Papers

Colorblind Racism free essay sample

What does Eduardo Bonilla-Silva mean by colorblind racism? How do the movies along with the readings thus far validate or invalidate his premise? According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, colorblind racism was once called the Jim Crow racism. It is a curious racial ideology. Silva claims that the component of any racial ideology is its frames or set paths for interpreting information. Due to factors like slavery, the chances of blacks catching up the lifestyle of whites are very slim. Colorblind racism has four frames; Abstract liberalism, naturalization, cultural racism and minimization of racism. The most important one is Abstract liberalism because it constitutes the foundation of new racial ideology. Silva explains how instead of terns like niggers, spics and chinks being used, colorblind racism otherizes that these people are humans too. Minorities are considered people who do not work hard enough to earn a living, or be on the same level as most whites. We will write a custom essay sample on Colorblind Racism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Therefore, colorblind racism aids in the maintenance of the white privilege. The movie and the readings validate because in the movie, we saw black students and white students clearly working together in school, sports and etc. , but there was still silent confrontations going on. There was a white student who admitted that being white is better than being black because whites have certain priorities and more socially acceptable. ? What does Eduardo Bonilla-Silva mean by colorblind racism? How do the movies along with the readings thus far validate or invalidate his premise? According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, colorblind racism was once called the Jim Crow racism. It is a curious racial ideology. Silva claims that the component of any racial ideology is its frames or set paths for interpreting information. Due to factors like slavery, the chances of blacks catching up the lifestyle of whites are very slim. Colorblind racism has four frames; Abstract liberalism, naturalization, cultural racism and minimization of racism. The most important one is Abstract liberalism because it constitutes the foundation of new racial ideology. Silva explains how instead of terns like niggers, spics and chinks being used, colorblind racism otherizes that these people are humans too. Minorities are considered people who do not work hard enough to earn a living, or be on the same level as most whites. Therefore, colorblind racism aids in the maintenance of the white privilege. The movie and the readings validate because in the movie, we saw black students and white students clearly working together in school, sports and etc. , but there was still silent confrontations going on. There was a white student who admitted that being white is better than being black because whites have certain priorities and more socially acceptable. ? What does Eduardo Bonilla-Silva mean by colorblind racism? How do the movies along with the readings thus far validate or invalidate his premise? According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, colorblind racism was once called the Jim Crow racism. It is a curious racial ideology. Silva claims that the component of any racial ideology is its frames or set paths for interpreting information. Due to factors like slavery, the chances of blacks catching up the lifestyle of whites are very slim. Colorblind racism has four frames; Abstract liberalism, naturalization, cultural racism and minimization of racism. The most important one is Abstract liberalism because it constitutes the foundation of new racial ideology. Silva explains how instead of terns like niggers, spics and chinks being used, colorblind racism otherizes that these people are humans too. Minorities are considered people who do not work hard enough to earn a living, or be on the same level as most whites. Therefore, colorblind racism aids in the maintenance of the white privilege. The movie and the readings validate because in the movie, we saw black students and white students clearly working together in school, sports and etc. , but there was still silent confrontations going on. There was a white student who admitted that being white is better than being black because whites have certain priorities and more socially acceptable. ? What does Eduardo Bonilla-Silva mean by colorblind racism? How do the movies along with the readings thus far validate or invalidate his premise? According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, colorblind racism was once called the Jim Crow racism. It is a curious racial ideology. Silva claims that the component of any racial ideology is its frames or set paths for interpreting information. Due to factors like slavery, the chances of blacks catching up the lifestyle of whites are very slim. Colorblind racism has four frames; Abstract liberalism, naturalization, cultural racism and minimization of racism. The most important one is Abstract liberalism because it constitutes the foundation of new racial ideology. Silva explains how instead of terns like niggers, spics and chinks being used, colorblind racism otherizes that these people are humans too. Minorities are considered people who do not work hard enough to earn a living, or be on the same level as most whites. Therefore, colorblind racism aids in the maintenance of the white privilege. The movie and the readings validate because in the movie, we saw black students and white students clearly working together in school, sports and etc. , but there was still silent confrontations going on. There was a white student who admitted that being white is better than being black because whites have certain priorities and more socially acceptable. ? What does Eduardo Bonilla-Silva mean by colorblind racism? How do the movies along with the readings thus far validate or invalidate his premise? According to Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, colorblind racism was once called the Jim Crow racism. It is a curious racial ideology. Silva claims that the component of any racial ideology is its frames or set paths for interpreting information. Due to factors like slavery, the chances of blacks catching up the lifestyle of whites are very slim. Colorblind racism has four frames; Abstract liberalism, naturalization, cultural racism and minimization of racism. The most important one is Abstract liberalism because it constitutes the foundation of new racial ideology. Silva explains how instead of terns like niggers, spics and chinks being used, colorblind racism otherizes that these people are humans too. Minorities are considered people who do not work hard enough to earn a living, or be on the same level as most whites. Therefore, colorblind racism aids in the maintenance of the white privilege. The movie and the readings validate because in the movie, we saw black students and white students clearly working together in school, sports and etc. , but there was still silent confrontations going on. There was a white student who admitted that being white is better than being black because whites have certain priorities and more socially acceptable.

Texting Addictions, How Can They Affect the Addicted Person and You free essay sample

Texting addictions, how can they affect the addicted person and you? If you haven’t noticed, texting can become an addiction and you may not realize it but you may be addicted . Texting addictions are really a problem. They cause so many things. They aren’t something to joke about. They are serious. Research says most teenagers send at least a hundred texts a day. The key words here are â€Å"at least†. Teenagers say texting is addictive. They worry when they don’t get texted back immediately. Without their phones, they feel as if they are missing something. They also get very anxious. Texting causes all kinds of injuries. It causes sleeping disorders, because children and teenagers wake up in the middle of the night just to text people back. They put their phone in a place so that it will wake them up when they get a message. Teenagers and children with phones have thumb injuries, referred to as â€Å"Texting Tendonitis† or â€Å"Nintendonitis†. We will write a custom essay sample on Texting Addictions, How Can They Affect the Addicted Person and You? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It can also cause sore wrists. You may end up with neck, shoulder, joint, and elbow pain. In the long run, you could have arthritis. Those pains are because you bend, or â€Å"hunch†, over when you text. And texting to much can cause headaches. A person with a texting addiction sometimes texts in class, while doing homework, and during activities. This can cause bad grades. When they text during class, they get bad daily grades but also bad test grades because they won’t be paying attention. If they don’t pay attention in class they won’t know the material. This will cause them to be unable to study for tests. The people who text while driving also have consequences. They can get tickets and/or fines. Texting addictions have been known to be the cause of many car accidents. If someone is texting while driving, they won’t be watching the road. Consequently they will hit a car, person, or another object. These are just a few effects of texting addictions. There are many more. Well, now you know what can happen.

Rocky Soccer Academy Essay Example

Rocky Soccer Academy Essay Example Rocky Soccer Academy Essay Rocky Soccer Academy Essay Karl Henning came to the United States from the U. K. in 2000 on a soccer scholarship. Karl grew up playing soccer on many competitive teams through high school and had a brief profession career in England. When St. Albans College recruited him to play soccer, he thought it would open his life to a grand adventure. That adventure changed his life. While at St. Albans, Henning met his future wife, Dawn Jacobs, how also played soccer there. She graduated a year ahead of him and went to Fort Collins, Colorado, where she played on the semiprofessional Fort Collins Force women’s soccer team. When Henning finished college, he followed Jacobs to northern Colorado. Jacobs was captain of the Force and worked for the sports marketing company that owned the team. Henning got a job at local meat packing plant, but soccer was his passion. He mad the practice squad for the Colorado Rapids Major League Soccer team, but injuries cut his professional career short. Another passion for Henning became teaching soccer to kids. He has a natural talent for coaching. Henning is charismatic, kids enjoy his easy-going demeanor and British accent and he really knows soccer and how to teach the game to youngsters. In 2006, Henning founded the Rocky Soccer Academy- attribute to the proximity of the Rocky Mountains. At first he trained small groups of young players aged 7 to 14. He grouped them by age, gender and skill and conducted training sessions for small groups of five to seven at a local park. The first kids he attracted came by word of mouth as they quickly told friends and teammates about â€Å" this British guy who teaches soccer and make it fun†. His small after-school camps quickly grew to include more than 50 kids. Word continued to get around, and by the following summer Henning conducted 10 different camps and quit his job at the meat packing plant. He also trained 11 different Rocky 3v3 soccer teams that competed in tournaments across the state and nation during the Rocky name across the front and the success of these teams made the jerseys a great promotion vehicle. In 2008 four of his teams competed in the national 3v3 soccer tournament, with one winning a national championship. To keep up with the rapid growth, Henning brought a few friends over from England to assist with training. Will Bowman moved to the United States to become Henning’s assistant director of coaching. Henning and Bowman planned to work year-round as trainers and hire s couple of local coaches to help them conduct training sessions. During the summer he added a couple of local college soccer players and a few former team mates from England. The summer seasons works nice for his British mates because that is the off season for those still playing professionally. Henning is confident he can hire and train more coaches if he needs them to handle future growth. Youth soccer is big in Colorado and cross much of the United States. It is the largest participation sport for kids. Fort Collins is a soccer hotbed and this has helped Henning’s business grow. He now trains about 600 kids per year. But he has greater ambitions. For example he would like to build a training facility, the space he currently rents is not always well-suited to soccer. However he figures he would needs to double his business to justify the cost of the soccer complex he wants to build. So he is now wondering how to grow his business. About 90 percent of his current customers live in Fort Collins, which has a population of about 110 000 people. Henning believes awareness of his program is close to 100 percent among competitive soccer players ages 11 – 14 and is probably at about 40 percent among families with soccer playing kids ages 6 to 10. most of his customers are 10 to 13 years old and enroll in two to three Rocky programs per year. He has also run a few camps in Boulder and Northglenn, which are about 50 miles from Fort Collins. These have been successful but are currently limited. There are several small cities within 25miles of Fort Collins. Loveland a city of about 60 000 borders Fort Collins on the year. Greeley and Longmont each with about 80 000 people, are about 25 miles away by interstate highway. These areas have very limited soccer training programs except for their competitive term and awareness of Rocky is not very high. Those who have heard of his academy are often not very familiar with its philosophy and programs. Henning is not sure if parents in these communities would be wiling to drive their kids to Fort Collins for training. If not, he would have to run his programs there. Henning knows that he wants to grow his business, but wonders how he can accomplish his goal. He currently sees a few options: 1. His current customer retention rate is pretty high about 80%. However when the kids reach 14 or 15 years old, other high school sports and activities make them less interested in extra soccer training. One option is to try to increase retention by developing programs targeted at kids over 14. 2. Another option is to develop a marketing strategy that would encourage his current customers to buy more. He wonders if they have other needs that he might be able to serve. 3. Henning could try to grow the business by entering new markets and acquiring new customers. His markets penetration with kids 6 to 9 years old is still quite modest. He might develop new programs to better meet this groups needs. 4. Another new market option would be to serve more kids from Loveland, Longmont and Greeley. Evaluated Hennings different options for growing Rocky customer equity. Develop a set of marketing strategy ideas for each of the options. What could Henning do for market research to better assess his options? Please do solution for gender wage discrimination. In 2-3 pages.

Explain the main ideas of a pluralist model in a political process Essay

Explain the main ideas of a pluralist model in a political process - Essay Example In the elections, voters will support only those political parties which stand for their ideologies and beliefs. Pluralism believes that politics and decision making processes are some of the duties of a government. Pluralists believe that no other entities like religion or judiciary has any role in politics or decision making even though such entities may have its own role in other matters. This paper analyses the main ideas pluralist model in a political process. Pluralists note that if a majority of people do not like what their representatives are doing, they can vote them out of office at the next election. Representatives, therefore, have to act in a way that is pleasing to the majority. They consider voting to be of only irregular significance. General elections occur periodically and individuals are asked to vote for packages of policies put together by political parties. Therefore, voters do not have an opportunity to wield influence on the specific issues that concern them; so pluralists claim that people are able to exercise power between elections by joining interest groups - such as political parties, trade unions and other pressure groups. Group activity, they argue, is vital to the successful functioning of the political system (Pluralism) It is practically difficult to allow an elected government to function only for a short time period because of the huge expenses needed for general elections. Tax payer’s money used for conducting elections and if the elections happen in every year, the public will suffer a lot. Because of the above awareness, elections usually held in democratic countries only in every four or five years. In other words an elected government need not worry much about the public support or influence for four or five years. They can function as they like during their four or five year term if they have majority support in the parliament. In other words, public forced to wait for four or five years to defeat the government , if it functions against the will of them. It is not a good practice in a parliamentary democracy. So, public tries to exercise their power or influence on government through other nongovernmental groups such as political parties, pressure groups, interest groups, trade union etc. Trade union strikes or public agitations are happening in most of the democratic countries in order to exert pressure or power on the governments. In India like democratic countries, people often conduct huge protests whenever the government tries to impose certain policies against them. For example, India government recently increased the petrol and cooking gas prices because of the increase in crude oil prices in global market. Public forced to conduct several agitations against the government and succeeded in reducing the prices up to certain extent. Opposition political parties often join public when they conduct agitations against the government in order to increase their public support. â€Å"Inter est group leaders have more knowledge regarding the inner workings of government than ordinary citizens and therefore are able to channel democratic voices to the politicians in power more effectively† (Pluralist Model). In short, group activity is vital in controlling a government according to the principles of pluralism. The role of the government in a Pluralist Democracy is to protect and promote diversity.

No Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No - Essay Example Another way that the employers reduce the cost of health insurance for their employees is by reducing spouse and dependent coverage costs. This way, the employees have to dig deeper into their pockets to cover the family members. Through this ways, employers save a lot of money that they would otherwise have used to cover their employees. The Obama Care if carefully analyzed takes the health insurance cover from the employer based to government based model. Because of the taxation system on employer based insurance package, fewer people will take up the employer based insurance cover. All employees have to be covered under the Act (Niles 377). This means that even those with a low income can access an insurance cover. On the other hand, it means that the employees with higher earnings have to pay more. If I did not have an insurance cover, the Obama Care would be a good option because I now have the chance of accessing an affordable and quality health cover. Labor unions have in America have been instrumental in dealing with fair practices in the employment sector for its members. Despite having come a long way, the labor unions have had their fair share of challenges. There is a general attitude against unionization by the younger generation which makes the unions to lose grip. One of major challenges that the unions are facing is the decline in membership levels. This has seen the rise in part-time employment, less job security, and a rise in the number of the working poor. Another challenge is that the right of workers to gain membership in labor unions for collective bargaining purposes is under attack. The reason for this is the weak labor laws that do not encourage unionization of employees. In response to these challenges the labor movement reaches out to the people of color, women, the young people as well as immigrant workers to strengthen the movement (JIL 4).

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a Essay

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a remarkably confusing approach to the purpose of cross-examination under s1(f)(ii)Criminal E - Essay Example gainst the national interest are easy to fathom and understand but lately, especially the last two decades, court decisions that require adjudication of cases in which the good or the bad moral character of the defendant is relevant to the resolution of the facts in issue, had been murky and muddled that students of law are often left befuddled. This is to be expected as the allowance of evidence of the bad or good moral character of the accused is fully in the discretion of the judges.3 Some jurors disallow hearing of evidence of the character of the accused on the pretext that it is irrelevant to the case. According to Elliott, â€Å"evidence is relevant when it has a tendency in reason to establish the probability or improbability of a fact in issue†4 Relevancy or the materiality to the issue of fact raised in the pleadings is extremely important because if evidence is relevant as well as competent, then that evidence is admissible. What is then relevant and thus admissible is therefore, dependent on the juror’s discretion. All that the court has to say after it refuses admittance of evidence is that it does so â€Å"in the interest of justice by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1988 section 25(1).5 Wigmore’s Axiom of Admissibility which is supposed to facilitate the judges’ exercise of their discretion to allow or disallow admission of evidence as to the good or bad character of the accused merely confuse the judges and everybody else. According to Wigmore, what can be admitted are only facts with rational probative value unless some specific rule clearly forbids its admission. Again the term ‘rational probative value’ is dependent on the interpretation of each judge. The Alfred Altmore Pope Foundation case tersely expresses this dilemma: No precise and universal test of relevancy is furnished by the law but the determination of whether particular evidence is relevant rests largely on the discretion of the court, which must be exercised

Sara Lee Retrenchment Strategy

Sara Lee Retrenchment Strategy In order to focus on being more profitable in designated industries, Sara Lee reduced its business units in 2006. A total of eight businesses had been retrenched and divested, which included, direct selling, U.S. retail coffee, European apparel, European nuts snacks, European rice, U.S. meat snacks, and European meats and Sara Lee apparel (site case study). Sara Lee expected to obtain approximately $3 billion net after proceed from divesting those businesses. Five of Sara Lees divest businesses had negative net profit margins as well as negative operating margins. Four of the five businesses had a negative margin greater than 10%. The other businesses were declining in revenues at an accelerating rate, prior to the strategic decision to divest in them. One of Sara Lees strategic goals was to increase sales by two percent in addition to increasing the profit margins to 12% by the year 2010; a company goal to increase sales nearly $14 billion. In order to do this, Sara Lee had to focu s solely on the goods, beverage, and product household industry, areas where profitability flourishes. This also allowed the organization to follow a strategy that would provide them with the necessary resources to increase corporate profits, as opposed to being unprofitable before. Since 1939, the Sara Lee Corporation has maintained their vision which identifies they want to and plan to be the first choice to their customers and consumers all over the world by innovative ideas, and continuous improvement (Sara Lee website). Sara Lees mission focuses on delighting consumers every day. Sara Lee has also employed a differentiation strategy, and diversifying by acquisition. What was very creative on the organizations part was launching an initiative called Project Accelerate. In 2008, Project Accelerate was launched and is a program designed to reduce costs and increase productivity. To do this, the company had to focus on overhead cost, reform its supply chain and outsource. This program was projected to save up to $400 million by the end of 2012. In 2010 alone, Project Accelerate saved Sara Lee nearly $180 million. Within a three-year period, management also bought back close to $3 billion in common shares (site case study). Unfortunately, by the end of 2010, Sara Lee only obtained revenue of just $10.8 billion. The company then dissociated the international household and body care business. Sara Lee continued its same strategy: employing broad differentiation strategy. It does not specify in this case study or on their website if the goal was to have the lowest priced products, but the idea of differentiating from other brands allow Sara Lee to show value of their brand and provide high quality products. After the retrenchments, Sara Lee focused more on food beverage, and food service, in which their fresh bread sales, for an example, increase to over $600 million within a three year time period. This increase was due Sara Lees grocery-store and fast-food restaurant leverages. Sara Lee had a strong market share in that particular area of the industry and eventually beverage profits increased, international products increased, and low-calorie desserts met the needs of consumers all over the world. Since Sara Lee has a successful business strategy that focuses on product innovation and customer demand, its products have been successful in many business markets. In addition, displayed under the Sara Lees Matrixes,' Sara Lees retrenchment strategy of their 8 business units have help the business future prosperities. Strategically, Sara Lees decision to retrench eight business units was in the best interest of the company, and as a result they have strong, successful products in food within many retail and food-service industries. In addition they were also able to have a strong meat service business, which yield to cost savings without compromising on quality and customer, consumer, and company relationships. As far as the beverage and bread products, Sara Lee is near 50% of their profits; and selling to local retailers can expand successful profitability through international countries such as North America and Europe, who are heavy bread, coffee and tea consumers. Gearing back to the case study, Sara Lees intentions was to retrench business units that were not useful toward the direction that the company wanted to go. Doing so allowed Sara Lee to focus more on food, beverage and household products. Their objectives were met and continually to meet by the increasing sales, profitability and even market shares through their competitive pricing, strong brands and innovation ideas/concepts. One recommendation includes Sara Lee focusing on beverage products internationally. Sara Lee can start out by selling beverages to local retailers internationally and model closely behind their strategy for their food-service industries and utilize the knowledge and network gained from that. The second recommend includes focusing more on North America because they contributed to the 86% of the profits back in 2010. So Sara Lee must re-evaluate the profitability in selling those single-serve coffees pods (Senseo) and gear them towards the United States. A third recommendation would be Sara Lee expanding its household products, not body care products. Sara Lee should tap into and expand its air freshener brand because there is a great market share for it in the United States and Europe. Consumers automatically assume that the air fresheners will be of similar smell to the desserts and breads that Sara Lee makes. Can you imagine walking into a house that smells like warmed apple pie, or banana nut bread? Air fresheners can satisfy consumers who indulge desserts as they have a sweet tooth, or consumers who refrain from many desserts for dietary reasons, but would definitely enjoy the aroma around the house. Another household product could be insecticides that can be useful a nd affordable in many countries, including Africa. Providing this product can help improve farming, which trickles down to the items that we eat, a food-service beverage industry that Sara Lee plans to continue its markets and profitability in. Introducing new products to the market can refrain from any significant loss in business units currently and in the future.

History Of Computers :: essays research papers

History of Computers Introduction:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The electronic computer has now been used commercially for less than 25 years. It grew out of a search lasting centuries for a more accurate, faster way to perform calculations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Primitive and ancient man used his fingers, shells, beads, sticks, and other objects to keep track of numbers and sums. The development of paper and writing instrumentsmade it easier to record data, but gave little aid in manipulating it. Manual Devices:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A computer is sometimes defined as a system that mechanizes the processing of information. Even a manual device may fall under this definition if they are constructed in such a way that moving them by hand can produce the desired answer. Example: Abacus:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The abacus is the oldest-known mechanical computing aid. Its origin is uncertain. Many countries claim to have invented it. It was used in China as early as the sixth century B.C. and in the mediterranean areain ancient Greek and Roman times. It is still used in many parts of the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The abacus consists of beads strung on rows of wires suspended within a rectangular frame. A common form has a piece of wood dividing the beads, with five beads on one side, and two on the other side of the wood on each wire. Calculating Machines and their Inventors:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through the centuries, several mathematical geniuses invented machinesto aid them in their calculations. The machines were never widely used and generally had no direct path to the later development of electronic computers. Example: Pascal:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) a French matematician, invented the first mechanical adding machine at age 19 in 1642. He became tired of adding long columns of figures while helping his father, who had been appointed administrator of Rouen by Cardenal Richelieu. His device had teen toothed wheels and many gears. Rotating wheels developed sums. A carry lever advanced the next wheel to the left one position when a sum exceeded 10. Punched Card Development:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many of us are surprised to learn that the punched card industry is almost 200 years old. Furthermore, the first use of punched cards wasn’t for data processing, but rather for process control. Example: Jacquard:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Joseph Marie Jacquard (1752-1834), a French Weaver, in 1804 developed the first completly automatic loom, controlled by punched cards. Fearing that the machine would produce unemployment, workers attacked and destroyed his machine at Lyon. Aided by Napoleon, Jacquard rebuilt his machine, which os credited with promoting a thriving textile industry in France through the 1800s.